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The article sets out the conceptual foundations, development trends, creation and activities of innovative technology centers (ITC). The main attention is paid to solving the ITC problem, solving the problems of Research and Development (R&D) technological support, scientific and technological production preparation, projects substantiation for technical production re-equipment, focused on the further development and accelerated technology and scientific and technological progress renewal.

Johanson and Vahlne (J Int Bus Stud 40(9):1411–1431, 2009) articulate various theoretical mechanisms underpinning the internationalization process; mechanisms they suggest are pertinent across firm type. Their argument builds on their earlier publications and, in this spirit, we consider Johanson and Vahlne (2009) in the contemporary context of digital firms. In particular, we revisit their theorizing as it relates to firms that had only begun to emerge when Johanson and Vahlne published their award-winning paper: born digitals. We address how technological affordances, especially direct engagement with stakeholders, automation, network effects, flexibility and scalability, affect the internationalization of born digitals. We also develop a future agenda for international business research on born digital firms.

This paper presents a descriptive analysis of the development of virtual organizations in the business. Recently, many commercials activities were carried virtually. Online shops are growing everywhere; furthermore hotel reservations, ticket booking, as well as purchasing process are all done through the cyberspace. In the government, administrative process has migrated to electronic systems such as E-budgeting, E-KTP, E-procurement and online visa application. This era is not excessive if it is said as the era of E-anything. To address the issue, we employed survey based study on APJII survey and other related sources. Furthermore, the data is analysed based on the theory of development of virtual organizations and virtual corporations by using the six social sciences paradigm. This study showed that the Internet users in Indonesia have increased progressively from year to year. Therefore, the e-commerce market in Indonesia is growing rapidly as well. By looking at the growth of Internet users and the reasons for their use, it can not be denied that the internet-based business in Indonesia is a very promising (from the electronic shop, logistics and online transportation (known as online taxi) such as, Gojek, Grab, UBER, etc). One thing that should be prepared is the wise and proper government regulation. The electronic technology-based business activity of course is a necessity, and can't be inhibited its development. However, if the infrastructure such as the regulation and culture of the community are not ready yet, then it can lead to the social conflict such as a conflict between conventional taxi and online taxi players (Gojek, Grab, Uber etc). We hope this paper will open the horizon and our mind of looking at the emergence of new patterns in business.

Collaborative networks manifest in a large variety of forms, including virtual organizations, virtual enterprises, dynamic supply chains, professional virtual communities, collaborative virtual laboratories, etc. A large body of empiric knowledge related to collaborative networks is already available, but there is an urgent need to consolidate this knowledge and build the foundations for a more sustainable development of this area. The establishment of a scientific discipline for collaborative networks is a strong instrument in achieving this purpose. In this article the main characteristics of a \"discipline\" are analyzed in the context of collaborative networks, showing that the pre-conditions necessary for building this new discipline are available. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

PurposeThe present study aims to empirically investigate whether supply chain agility and lean management practices are antecedents of supply chain social sustainability.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 311 supply chain practitioners from the Indian manufacturing sector. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to test the validity and reliability of the measures used, and a structural model was analyzed to test the hypotheses of the current study.FindingsThe results indicate that agility and lean practices are significant antecedents of social sustainability orientation as well as social sustainability performance. The results also suggest that agility has a significant indirect effect on operational performance via social sustainability orientation, basic social sustainability practices as well as agility is indirectly affecting social sustainability performance via social sustainability orientation and basic social sustainability practices.Practical implicationsThe results of the present study have implications for managers that want to make their supply chain more socially sustainable.Originality/valueThe study is unique in the sense that it empirically links agility and lean practices with social sustainability orientation, social substantiality performance and operational performance in supply chains.

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to advance the understanding of product-service systems (PSS). It uses a multiple method approach to analyse literature and cases and synthesise a framework for the understanding and investigation of PSS. It demonstrates the need to consider the \"organisation\" or network, of firms involved in defining, designing and delivering value through the PSS. This is conceptualised as a product-service-organisation (PSO).Design methodology approach - The paper uses three complementary methodologies: a road-mapping analysis, investigating industrial challenges for collaborating enterprises, a multidisciplinary literature review of PSS concepts and analysis of two cases.Findings - The paper finds that value can be most effectively delivered by networks of collaborating firms, integrating the products and services they offer to create the value which customers seek. In short, creating value requires the simultaneous design of product, service and organisation - the PSO triangle.Research limitations implications - The paper offers a new classification of PSS related literature, drawing on a broad review of research in marketing, design and operations management related to service and PSS. The framework helps researchers understand the organisational challenges of PSS and provides suggested future research directions and questions.Practical implications - The framework provides the foundations for a process to develop PSS. It highlights the organisational challenges and suggests that a systematic yet iterative process can be devised to create and deliver value. This means defining customer value which can be profitably delivered; designing the PSS to create this value and identifying the required capabilities; and finally creating and managing the network of partners responsible for delivering value.Originality value - The major contribution is a link between the emerging PSS literature and previous research on virtual enterprises and other types of organisational networks. The paper argues that PSS often creates the need to identify and access capabilities through a collaborative network. This is conceptualised in the PSO triangle.

El presente artículo busca comprender la necesidad de las entidades financieras bancarias de Colombia por tener una metodología integral que mida y evalúe la madurez del sistema de gestión de continuidad del negocio en cada una de ellas y del sector en particular. Se plantea una propuesta concreta de herramienta metodológica para ser aplicada en las diferentes entidades del sector, que se inicia con la definición del problema, encontrando que las entidades bancarias en alguna medida carecen de la herramienta y se identifica la ausencia y poca aplicación de un diagnóstico o evaluación gremial en general, con enfoque en las diferentes normas y metodologías aplicadas a la continuidad de los negocios. Por lo tanto, se analizan los antecedentes en contextos evaluados, destacando las organizaciones que han tenido impactos considerables por no tener definido un plan de continuidad del negocio y las repercusiones que ello ha generado, para justificar la necesidad del estudio. Se establecen unos objetivos enfocados a la construcción y entrega de la propuesta metodológica, para lo cual se elabora una encuesta que se aplica a las entidades con el fin de construir un diagnóstico estructurado de las mismas; junto con las metodologías de evaluación de madurez y la norma técnica ISO 22301:2012, se construye una herramienta metodológica práctica, de evaluación de la madurez del plan de continuidad de negocio de las entidades del sector bancario. Como resultado se obtiene la herramienta metodológica la cual describe los criterios y aspectos para evaluar mediante unos niveles definidos. Se concluye que las entidades tienen aspectos que deben fortalecer en la estructura y componentes de su plan de continuidad de negocio, para contar con la capacidad, respuesta, reacción y recursos necesarios para atender eventos de continuidad del negocio que se puedan presentar, ya que actualmente solo algunas entidades evalúan la madurez como factor crítico de evolución de su plan de continuidad del negocio. Esta herramienta aporta direccionamiento y bases estructurales en el tema a las entidades, frente al cumplimiento de las mejores prácticas y a la evolución del plan de continuidad del negocio.

We investigated the relationship between team empowerment and virtual team performance and the moderating role of the extent of face-to-face interaction using 35 sales and service virtual teams in a high-technology organization. Team empowerment was positively related to two independent assessments of virtual team performance--process improvement and customer satisfaction. Further, the number of face-to-face meetings moderated the relationship between team empowerment and process improvement: team empowerment was a stronger predictor for teams that met face-to-face less, rather than more, frequently.

This paper explores the challenges of creating and maintaining trust in a global virtual team whose members transcend time, space, and culture. The challenges are highlighted by integrating recent literature on work teams, computer-mediated communication groups, cross-cultural communication, and interpersonal and organizational trust. To explore these challenges empirically, we report on a series of descriptive case studies on global virtual teams whose members were separated by location and culture, were challenged by a common collaborative project, and for whom the only economically and practically viable communication medium was asynchronous and synchronous computer-mediated communication. The results suggest that global virtual teams may experience a form of \"swift\" trust, but such trust appears to be very fragile and temporal. The study raises a number of issues to be explored and debated by future research. Pragmatically, the study describes communication behaviors that might facilitate trust in global virtual teams.